Almost any distro will work for pretty much all of that. Only potentially limiting thing I see there I don’t think that the Mullvad VPN client is generally available within distro repositories. Their site says it has clients available for Ubuntu, Debian, and Fedora. So perhaps pick from one of those?

For the steam link question, I know if I have a game running on my desktop it presents me the option to stream to my laptop (both Linux machines). I assume this is the same functionality. I don’t use it so can’t speak to how well it works.

Edit: It occurs to me this comment lacks a recommendation. Within the three listed supported distros for Mullvad, I think I’d recommend Fedora for you. Been some years since I used it last but I remember the installer being fairly robust and intuitive while still easy to use, and a pretty rock solid system once it’s up and running.

My last PC I ran for, I’d guess, 7 years. Built a new one about a year ago.

I could see upgrading the GPU in a few years. But otherwise I’ll probably run it until it breaks. Hardware has a pretty long useful life these days. Assuming you don’t run an OS that pushes planned obsolescence.